In this iterative model, instructional design and research are integrated. Designers create an educational intervention, test it, and refine it based on learner feedback and outcomes.

A systems-based instructional design model that breaks down the process into nine components, from identifying goals to conducting formative and summative evaluations. Each part affects the next.

A system used to store, organise, and retrieve digital assets like images, videos, and documents.

Electronic representations of skills or achievements that learners can earn and display.

The ability to use digital tools effectively in professional settings.

Using multimedia tools to narrate stories that convey educational content in an engaging way.

Interactive PDFs or online documents that allow learners to complete exercises and activities.

Learners learn best by discovering facts and relationships for themselves through exploration.

Online forums where learners can engage in discussions, ask questions, and share knowledge.

Cognition is distributed across people, tools, and environments, rather than being confined to the individual learner.

Programs that focus on promoting inclusivity and fairness in the workplace.

Online services like Google Docs or SharePoint used for collaborative work on documents.

Producing instructional design documents, technical guides, and user manuals for future reference.

Interactive exercises that allow learners to match, categorize, or organize content.

User-friendly interfaces that allow users to build interactive e-learning content by dragging and dropping elements.

The theory that people learn better when they combine verbal and visual information.

Design principles that accommodate dyslexic learners, like using clear fonts and spacing.

Digital collections of learners' work and achievements, often used to demonstrate skills.

Instruction should be organised in increasing order of complexity, starting with a simple overview and expanding.

This model is based on organizing instructional content in increasing complexity. It recommends starting with a simple version of the task and adding more complexity over time, following a zoom-in approach.

The theory that cognitive processes are deeply rooted in the body’s interactions with the world.

Learning to effectively manage organisational change through training and development.

The ability to understand and manage one's emotions and the emotions of others.

Programs designed to improve the ability to understand and manage emotions.

The process of converting sensory input into a form that can be stored in memory.