Instructional and Learning Design Terminology Explorer

Definitions and practical guidance for the phrases, terminology and acronyms used by Instructional Designers, Learning Designers and Learning Experience Designers.

Design-Based Research (DBR)

In this iterative model, instructional design and research are integrated. Designers create an educational intervention, test it, and refine it based on learner feedback and outcomes.
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Dick and Carey Model

A systems-based instructional design model that breaks down the process into nine components, from identifying goals to conducting formative and summative evaluations. Each part affects the next.
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Digital Asset Management (DAM)

A system used to store, organise, and retrieve digital assets like images, videos, and documents.
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Digital Badges

Electronic representations of skills or achievements that learners can earn and display.
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Digital Literacy

The ability to use digital tools effectively in professional settings.
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Digital Storytelling

Using multimedia tools to narrate stories that convey educational content in an engaging way.
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Digital Workbooks

Interactive PDFs or online documents that allow learners to complete exercises and activities.
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Discovery Learning

Learners learn best by discovering facts and relationships for themselves through exploration.
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Discussion Boards

Online forums where learners can engage in discussions, ask questions, and share knowledge.
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Distributed Cognition

Cognition is distributed across people, tools, and environments, rather than being confined to the individual learner.
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Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Training

Programs that focus on promoting inclusivity and fairness in the workplace.
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Document Sharing Platforms

Online services like Google Docs or SharePoint used for collaborative work on documents.
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Documentation

Producing instructional design documents, technical guides, and user manuals for future reference.
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Drag-and-Drop Activities

Interactive exercises that allow learners to match, categorize, or organize content.
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Drag-and-Drop Interfaces

User-friendly interfaces that allow users to build interactive e-learning content by dragging and dropping elements.
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Dual Coding Theory

The theory that people learn better when they combine verbal and visual information.
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Dyslexia-Friendly Design

Design principles that accommodate dyslexic learners, like using clear fonts and spacing.
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E-Portfolios

Digital collections of learners' work and achievements, often used to demonstrate skills.
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Elaboration Theory

Instruction should be organised in increasing order of complexity, starting with a simple overview and expanding.
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Elaboration Theory by Charles Reigeluth

This model is based on organizing instructional content in increasing complexity. It recommends starting with a simple version of the task and adding more complexity over time, following a zoom-in approach.
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Embodied Cognition

The theory that cognitive processes are deeply rooted in the body’s interactions with the world.
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Embracing Change Management

Learning to effectively manage organisational change through training and development.
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Emotional Intelligence

The ability to understand and manage one's emotions and the emotions of others.
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Emotional Intelligence Training

Programs designed to improve the ability to understand and manage emotions.
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Encoding

The process of converting sensory input into a form that can be stored in memory.
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